Medical decision analysis is a method to make rational clinical decisions under uncertainty, enabling a mathematical combination of probabilities and utilities (i.e. values assigned to outcomes under risk). Decision analysis is commonly used in health economics, but it is underexploited in the clinic.
This study aimed to systematically analyze the incidence, mortality, and risk factors of hematologic malignancies and their subtypes in China from 1990-2021.
The study utilized data from the Global Burden of Disease 2021 database. Trends in incidence and mortality rates of hematologic malignancies from 1990-2021 were measured using estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) with 95% confidence intervals. Future burden in China up to 2035 was projected using Bayesian age-period-cohort modeling.
Germline pathogenic variants are increasingly recognized as critical determinants of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) susceptibility, prognosis, and response to targeted therapies such as PARP inhibitors. Recent guidelines recommend germline testing for all PDAC patients, regardless of family history, to identify hereditary cancer syndromes and guide treatment decisions. However, data from populations underrepresented in genomic studies, such as the Turkish population, remain limited.
To investigate to describe outcomes of conization or expectant management for women with persistent (>24 months) low-grade cervical intra-epithelial neoplasia.
This is a retrospective analysis focusing on five-year outcomes after persistent, histologically confirmed, low-grade cervical intra-epithelial neoplasia undergoing conization or expectant management.
Volunteers play an essential role in pediatric oncology. While they are driven by personal motivations, they usually receive specific training that may support or reshape their goals.
We conducted a questionnaire-based survey to assess demographics, motivations, and satisfaction among eight associations/non-profit organizations, representing approximately 120 volunteers. The objectives were to explore the nature and correlations of their motivations to evaluate the sustainability of their engagement.
Melanoma incidence has continued to increase over the past decades with unchanged mortality. Different sunshine exposures across the generations complicate the interpretation of the trends. It is further suggested that half of the rising incidence rate is caused by overdiagnosis. We compared the time trends in the major but not all sunlight-related histological subtypes of cutaneous melanoma in the Netherlands in 1989-2023.
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most common pediatric cancer, and asparaginase (ASNase) is a key component of its treatment. However, ASNase is frequently associated with adverse events (AEs), such as pancreatitis and hypersensitivity reactions particularly with the Escherichia coli derived formulation (L-Asp) which may be influenced by nutritional status.
RET-rearranged non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a rare molecular subtype, accounting for 1-2% of all lung cancers. Selpercatinib, a selective RET tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI), has demonstrated efficacy in this oncogene-addicted population, but data on rechallenge after disease progression are lacking.
The purpose of this editorial is to explore the potential and risks of using AI in the medical field, particularly in oncology. We describe the history of AI from its origins to the present day, highlighting its positive aspects and potential for each type of AI (expert system, machine learning, generative AI).
Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is mostly curable by chemotherapy, but p53 mutations limit the therapeutic effect of DLBCL. Although chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells have made revolutionary progress in the treatment of DLBCL, p53 mutations still lead to drug resistance and/or relapse of DLBCL, affecting the prognosis of lymphoma. Therefore, the project aims to explore additional therapeutic strategies to improve the prognosis of DLBCL with p53 mutations.