Category Archives: Case Report

Chimeric thoracodorsal free flap reconstruction for extended circumferential pharyngo-laryngectomy: A case report

Circumferential pharyngolaryngectomy (CPL) may result in extensive posterior pharyngeal defects for which standard reconstructive strategies are insufficient. Chimeric flaps from the thoracodorsal system (TDSF) offer independently vascularized components that may address both posterior coverage and luminal restoration. We report what appears to be the first use of a chimeric TDSF for reconstruction following extended CPL.

Driver vs. passenger: Primary resistance to larotrectinib in synovial sarcoma harboring concurrent SS18 rearrangement and PDE3A-NTRK2 fusion

Synovial sarcoma (SS) is molecularly defined by the pathognomonic SS18::SSX fusion, a master epigenetic driver. While NTRK gene fusions are high-priority tissue-agnostic targets for TRK inhibitors like larotrectinib, their co-occurrence with established lineage-defining drivers in sarcomas is exceptionally rare and presents a therapeutic paradox.

Alectinib and gastrointestinal perforation in ALK-rearranged non-small cell lung cancer: A case series

Alectinib, a second-generation ALK inhibitor, is used in first-line and adjuvant treatment for ALK-rearranged NSCLC, and has proven to be both effective and well tolerated. Gastrointestinal (GI) perforation is an extremely rare but potentially life-threatening complication, with only sporadic cases reported in the literature.

Central nervous system effectiveness of selpercatinib retreatment in heavily pretreated NSCLC patient with RET rearrangement: A case report

RET-rearranged non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a rare molecular subtype, accounting for 1-2% of all lung cancers. Selpercatinib, a selective RET tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI), has demonstrated efficacy in this oncogene-addicted population, but data on rechallenge after disease progression are lacking.

Trabectedin–irinotecan as a potential therapeutic option in desmoplastic small round cell tumor: A small case series

Desmoplastic small round cell tumor (DSRCT) is a rare and aggressive mesenchymal malignancy driven by the EWS–WT1 gene fusion. Prognosis remains poor despite intensive multimodal therapy. Preclinical studies indicate that trabectedin combined with irinotecan exerts synergistic antitumor effects in translocation-driven sarcomas.

Selpercatinib plus cemiplimab in RET positive medullary thyroid cancer patient with skin cancers

Remarkable advancements in the therapeutic armamentarium for medullary thyroid cancer (MTC) have been observed in the last 10 years. The current understanding of driver mutations, such as RET and RAS, has enabled the development of new therapies for advanced and metastatic disease, demonstrating improved efficacy.

Sequential therapy of metastatic urothelial cancer with monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE)-containing antibody-drug conjugates for different targets

Antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) has become the standard of treatment for metastatic urothelial cancer. Current trials generally test the combination or sequential use of antibody-drug conjugates with different targets and different chemotherapeutic reagents.
We show that in three patients with metastatic urothelial cancer who have progressed on anti-HER2 antibody-drug conjugates, two showed responses when treated with EV (the same monomethyl auristatin E-containing ADC, but with different targets).

Mantle cell lymphoma with hypereosinophilia: A case report and review of the literature

Reactive eosinophilia has been reported in several hematological malignancies, including Hodgkin–s lymphoma, T-cell lymphoma/leukemia, and acute leukemia. However, eosinophilia associated with B-cell non-Hodgkin–s lymphoma is rarely reported. Mantle cell lymphoma is a subcategory of non-Hodgkin–s lymphoma originated from mature B cells. In this article, we report for the first time a case of mantle cell lymphoma with hypereosinophilia.

Breast cancer and large-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma harboring the same PIK3CA mutation: A case report

The distinction between a metastatic recurrence and the onset of a second primary malignancy can be diagnostically challenging. Precision medicine can offer valuable support in this context.
A 34-year-old woman was diagnosed in 2012 with hormone-receptor positive (HR+), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative (HER2-) breast cancer in the left breast, with homolateral axillary node involvement but no distant metastases.

The last journey, coming home before dying for migrant cancer patients: A case series

Global migration has led to an increasing number of migrant patients receiving cancer diagnoses in foreign countries. These individuals often experience worse outcomes due to advanced disease at diagnosis and limited access to specialized care. When palliative care becomes the primary option, many express a wish to return to their home country for End-of-Life care. However, no guidelines or care pathways currently address this sensitive issue.